CHAPTER 7: STORING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMTAION-DATABASE

CHAPTER 7: STORING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION-DATABASE

Assalamualaikum..hye u olls..today I would like to give short info about seventh chapter in IT.Lets check it out..! :)

          RELATIONAL DATABASE FUNDAMENTALS

·         Information is stored in databases

–     Database – maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses)

·         Database models include:

–     Hierarchical database model – information is organized into a tree-like structure (using parent/child relationships) in such a way that it cannot have too many relationships

–     Network database model – a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships

–     Relational database model – stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables

This picture below show the hierarchical, network and relational structure:

·         Entity – a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored

–     The rows in each table contain the entities

–     Attributes (fields, columns) – characteristics or properties of an entity class

–     The columns in each table contain the attribute

KEY AND RELATIONSHIP

–     Primary key – a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table

–     Foreign key – a primary key of one table that appears an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables

For example, let us look at potential relational database for Coca-Cola

                RELATIONAL DATABASE ADVANTAGES

·         Database advantages from a business perspective include

–     Increased flexibility

–     Increased scalability and performance

–     Reduced information redundancy

–     Increased information integrity (quality)

–     Increased information security

     INCREASE FLEXIBILITY 

                                 

·         A well-designed database should:

–     Handle changes quickly and easily

–     Provide users with different views

–     Have only one physical view

–     Have multiple logical views

   INCREASED SCALABILITY AND PERFORMANCE

·         A database must scale to meet increased demand,  while maintaining acceptable performance levels

–     Scalability – refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands

–     Performance – measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction

REDUCED INFORMATION REDUNDANCY

·         Databases reduce information redundancy

–     Redundancy – the duplication of information or storing the same information in multiple places

–     Inconsistency is one of the primary problems with redundant information-difficult to decide which is most current and most accurate

INCREASE INFORMATION INTEGRITY (QUALITY)

·         Information integrity – measures the quality of information

·         Integrity constraint – rules that help ensure the quality of information

INCREASE INFORMATION SECURITY

·         Information is an organizational asset and must be protected

·         Databases offer several security features including:

–     Password – provides authentication of the user

–     Access level – determines who has access to the different types of information

–     Access control – determines types of user access, such as read-only access

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

·         Database management systems (DBMS) – software through which users and application programs interact with a database

      DATA-DRIVEN WEBSITE

·         Data-driven Web sites – an interactive Web site kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of a database

    DATA-DRIVEN WEB SITE BUSINESS ADVANTAGES

·         Development

·         Content management

·         Future expandability

·         Minimizing human error

·         Cutting production and update costs

                   DATA-DRIVEN BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE

·         BI in a data-driven Web site

INTEGRATING INFORMATION AMONG MULTIPLE DATABASES

·         Integration – allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other

–     Forward integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes

–     Backward integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes

·         Do you know that what would happen when there is no integration, an organization will:

–     Spend considerable time entering the same info in multiple system

–     Suffer from the low quality and inconsistency typically embedded in redundant info

END FOR CHAPTER 7. THANK YOU FOR READ

:)